|
2010年北外高翻試卷真題 北京外國語大學2010年碩士研究生入學考試 英漢同聲傳譯專業試卷 一、將下列短文譯成漢語（25分） The dangers of a population explosion have been all overthe newspapers lately and indeed the world population could reach seven billionin just two years and eight billion perhaps in the next two decades. But that’snot the only story. Dramatic declines in fertility rates in some countries andhigh rates in others pose a critical challenge. One must be reminded that thegrowth of world population — which now stands at an estimated 6.8 billion humaninhabitants — has greatly impacted all life forms and the overall naturalenvironment of the planet.
Although the population of the world continues to grow substantially — 79million per year — the rate of growth has declined by nearly half over the last40 years – from 2 percent to 1.2 percent a year. The cause for the slowdown isdeclining fertility rates. However, while the average global fertility hasdropped from about 5 to 2.6 births per woman during the past 50 years,considerable uncertainty exists about the future. Insofar as fertility isthe engine driving the future size of world population, this uncertainty aboutthe path of fertility in the coming years is one of the central and challengingquestions of this century. (199) 二、將下列文章譯成漢語（50分） President Obama’s recent trip to China reflects asymbiotic relationship at the heart of the global economy: China uses Americanspending power to enlarge its private sector, while America uses Chineselending power to expand its public sector. Yet this arrangement may unravel ina dangerous way, and if it does, the most likely culprit will be Chineseeconomic overcapacity.
Several hundred million Chinese peasants have moved from the countryside to thecities over the last 30 years, in one of the largest, most rapid migrations inhistory. To help make this work, the Chinese government has subsidized itsexporters by pegging the renminbi at an unnaturally low rate to the dollar.This has supported relatively high-paying export jobs; additional subsidieshave included direct credit allocation and preferential treatment for coastalenterprises.
These aren’t the recommended policies you would find in a basic economics text,but it’s hard to argue with success. Most important, it has given many moreChinese a stake in the future of their society. Those same subsidies, however,have spurred excess capacity and created a dangerous political dynamic in whichthese investments have to be propped up at all cost.
China has been building factories and production capacity in virtually everysector of its economy, but it’s not clear that the latest round of investmentswill be profitable anytime soon. Automobiles, steel, semiconductors, cement,aluminum and real estate all show signs of too much capacity. In Shanghai, thecentral business district appears to have high vacancy rates, yet buildingcontinues.
Chinese planners now talk of the need to restrict investment in sectors thatare overflowing with unsold products. The global market is no longer strong,and domestic demand was never enough in the first place. Regional officialshave an incentive to prop up local enterprises and production statistics, evenif that means supporting projects or accounting practices that are notsustainable. (315) 三、將下列短文譯成英語（25分） 由于國際金融危機的嚴重沖擊，我國外部需求大幅萎縮，產能過剩矛盾突出，企業生產經營困難，失業人員增多，經濟增速明顯下滑。中國政府迅速出臺擴大內需、促進經濟平穩較快發展的十項措施，全面實施并不斷豐富完善應對國際金融危機的一攬子計劃，在較短的時間內扭轉了經濟下滑趨勢。我們還積極發展與世界各國的經貿合作與交流，擴大商品進口、對外投資和對外援助，加強同有關國家宏觀經濟政策協調，推動國際經貿和金融體系改革，為世界經濟復蘇做出了積極努力。（214） 四、將下列文章譯成英語（50分） 1949年以后，一個真正的婦女解放過程開始了。這時男女平等被定為國策，所有婦女都參加生產勞動。這件事太偉大了，因為就算是在西方，婦女對工作權、選舉權的爭取也要經過100多年，但是中國女性直接就獲得了這些權利。而且女性參加社會生產勞動的比例一下就超過了很多西方國家，幾乎是100%的適齡并適合勞動的婦女都出來工作，這應該說是一個非常關鍵的進步。 然而，那個年代有時是比較極端的。過于強調男女都一樣，男性能做到的，女性也能做到，男女之間沒什么區別，大家穿同樣的衣服，女孩兒也都不化妝，好像沒有性別的區分了。但造成這種現象的原因是過去女性的地位太低，轉到這個階段，女性被抑制的各種方面爆發了。此時，女性的地位得到極大提高，但性別差異也被忽略。（309 需要更多幫助請關注微信公眾號;北外考研網 微信：kaokaohao
| 
發表于 2016-4-12 13:31
收藏
分享
支持
反對
樓主
