完整版，英語二作文模版，

奔跑不崩盤 · 發(fā)表于 2015-11-18 17:07

考研英語圖表作文,考研英語作文模板圖表,考研圖表作文,考研圖表作文模板
   第一篇:考研英語圖表作文

   一、圖表作文寫作常識 1、圖形種類及概述法：
   泛指一份數(shù)據(jù)圖表：a data graph/chart/diagram/illustration/table 餅圖：pie chart 直方圖或柱形圖：bar chart / histogram 趨勢曲線圖：line chart / curve diagram 表格圖：table 流程圖或過程圖：flow chart / sequence diagram 程序圖：processing/procedures diagram 2、常用的描述用法 The table/chart diagram/graph shows (that) According to the table/chart diagram/graph As (is) shown in the table/chart diagram/graph As can be seen from the table/chart/diagram/graph/figures， figures/statistics shows (that)…… It can be seen from the figures/statistics We can see from the figures/statistics It is clear from the figures/statistics It is apparent from the figures/statistics table/chart/diagram/graph figures (that) …… table/chart/diagram/graph shows/describes/illustrates how…… 3、圖表中的數(shù)據(jù)(Data)具體表達法數(shù)據(jù)(Data)在某一個時間段固定不變：fixed in time 在一系列的時間段中轉(zhuǎn)變：changes over time 持續(xù)變化的 data 在不同情況下：

   增加：increase / raise / rise / go up …… 減少：decrease / grow down / drop / fall …… 波動：fluctuate / rebound / undulate / wave …… 穩(wěn)定：remain stable / stabilize / level off …… 最常用的兩種表達法：

   動詞+副詞形式(Verb+Adverb form) 形容詞+名詞形式(Adjective+Noun form) 二、相關(guān)常用詞組 1、主章開頭圖表類型：table、chart、diagramgraph、column chart、pie graph 描述：show、describe、illustrate、can be seen from、clear、apparent、reveal、represent 內(nèi)容：figure、statistic、number、percentage、proportion 2、表示數(shù)據(jù)變化的單詞或者詞組 rapid/rapidly 迅速的，飛快的，險峻的 dramatic/dramatically 戲劇性的，生動的 significant/significantly sharp/sharply steep/steeply steady/steadily gradual/gradually slow/slowly 有意義的，重大的，重要的銳利的，明顯的，急劇的急劇升降的穩(wěn)固的，堅定不移的漸進的，逐漸的緩慢的，不活躍的 slight/slightly stable/stably 輕微的、略微地穩(wěn)定的 3、其它在描述中的常用到的詞 significant changes noticeable trend 圖中一些較大變化明顯趨勢 during the same period 在同一時期 grow/grew distribute unequally 增長分布，區(qū)別不相等地在……的情況下在……方面 in the case of adv. in terms of / in respect of / regarding in contrast 相反，大不相同政府政策 government policy market forces measure 市場規(guī)率 n.尺寸，方法，措施 v.估量，調(diào)節(jié) forecastn.先見，預(yù)見 v.預(yù)測三、考研英語圖表寫作套句精選 1.the table shows the changes in the number of……over the period from……to…… 該表格描述了在……年之……年間……數(shù)量的變化。

   2.the bar chart illustrates that…… 該柱狀圖展示了…… 3.the graph provides some interesting data regarding…… 該圖為我們提供了有關(guān)……有趣數(shù)據(jù)。 4.the diagram shows (that)…… 該圖向我們展示了…… 5.the pie graph depicts (that)…… 該圓形圖揭示了…… 6.this is a cure graph which describes the trend of…… 這個曲線圖描述了……的趨勢。

   7.the figures/statistics show (that)…… 數(shù)據(jù)(字)表明…… 8.the tree diagram reveals how…… 該樹型圖向我們揭示了如何…… 9.the data/statistics show (that)…… 該數(shù)據(jù)(字)可以這樣理解…… 10.the data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that…… 這些數(shù)據(jù)資料令我們得出結(jié)論…… 11.as is shown/demonstrated/exhibited in the diagram/graph/chart/table…… 如圖所示…… 12.according to the chart/figures…… 根據(jù)這些表(數(shù)字)…… 13.as is shown in the table…… 如表格所示…… 14.as can be seen from the diagram，great changes have taken place in…… 從圖中可以看出，……發(fā)生了巨大變化。 15.from the table/chart/diagram/figure，we can see clearly that……or it is clear/apparent from the chart that…… 從圖表我們可以很清楚(明顯)看到…… 16.this is a graph which illustrates…… 這個圖表向我們展示了…… 17.this table shows the changing proportion of a &

   b from……to…… 該表格描述了……年到……年間 a 與 b 的比例關(guān)系。

   18.the graph，presented in a pie chart， shows the general trend in…… 該圖以圓形圖形式描述了……總的趨勢。

   19.this is a column chart showing…… 這是個柱型圖，描述了…… 20.as can be seen from the graph，the two curves show the flutuation of…… 如圖所示，兩條曲線描述了……的波動情況。

   21.over the period from……to……the……remained level. 在……至……期間，……基本不變。

   22.in the year between……and…… 在……年到……期間…… 23.in the 3 years spanning from 1995 through 1998…… 1995 年至 1998 三年里…… 24.from then on/from this time onwards…… 從那時起…… 25.the number of……remained steady/stable from (month/year) to (month/year)。

   ……月(年)至……月(年)……的數(shù)量基本不變。 26.the number sharply went up to…… 數(shù)字急劇上升至…… 27.the percentage of……stayed the same between……and…… ……至……期間……的比率維持不變。

   28.the figures peaked at……in(month/year) ……的數(shù)目在……月(年)達到頂點，為…… 29.the percentage remained steady at…… 比率維持在…… 30.the percentage of……is sightly larger/smaller than that of…… ……的比例比……的比例略高(低)。

   31.there is not a great deal of difference between……and…… ……與……的區(qū)別不大。

   32.the graphs show a threefold increase in the number of…… 該圖表表明……的數(shù)目增長了三倍。

   33……decreased year by year while……increased steadily. ……逐年減少，而……逐步上升。

   34.the situation reached a peak(a high point at) of[%]. ……的情況(局勢)到達頂(高)點，為……百分點。

   35.the figures/situation bottomed out in…… 數(shù)字(情況)在……達到底部。

   36.the figures reached the bottom/a low point/hit a trough. 數(shù)字(情況)達到底部(低谷)。

   37.a is ……times as much/many as b. a 是 b 的……倍。

   38.a increased by…… a 增長了…… 39.a increased to…… a 增長到…… 40.high/low/great/small/ percentage. 比低高(低) 41.there is an upward trend in the number of…… ……數(shù)字呈上升趨勢。

   42.a considerable increase/decrease occurred from……to…… ……到……發(fā)生急劇上升。

   43.from……to……the rate of decrease slow down. 從……到……，下降速率減慢。

   44.from this year on，there was a gradual declinel reduction in the……，reaching a figure of…… 從這年起，……逐漸下降至…… 45.be similar to…… 與……相似 46.be the same as…… 與……相同 47.there are a lot similarities/differences between……and…… ……與……之間有許多相似(不同)之處 48.a has something in common with b a 與 b 有共同之處。

   49.the difference between a and b lies in…… a 與 b 之間的差別在于…… 50……(year)witnessed/saw a sharp rise in…… ……年……急劇上升 DIRECTIONS: A.Study the following graphs carefully and write an essay in at least 150 words. B.Your essay must be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET II. C.Your essay should cover these three points: 1. effect of the country’s growing human population on its wildlife 2. possible reason for the effect 3. your suggestion for wildlife protection 【段落類型分析】第一段圖畫/圖表描述段第二段原因闡釋段第三段建議措施段 ?: http:///kyen/200910/87251.shtml As is seen from the two graphs, it is clear that with the rapid growth of U.S. population from 1800 to 1990, the number of its wildlife species no longer existing soared during the same period. Naturally, we can draw the conclusion that the sharp decline of wildlife species resulted from the population growth. Several reasons may account for this phenomenon. To begin with, as the population grows, people consume much more natural resources. Second, with the increase of human activities, modern people take up more and more space which exerts a great influence on other species. Finally, the problem of pollution becomes more and more serious with the development of modern industry. More and more animals have to adapt themselves to the decaying environment or move to a totally different place, but not all of them are fortunate enough to survive the changes. Solving this problem calls for, above all, the government’s efforts to control population growth, to decrease industrial pollution and to enhance the laws to forbid wildlife hunting. Moreover, common citizens should be aware of this ecological crisis and take on the responsibility of wildlife protection. In a word, only when the government and the common people make joint efforts can we hope to find a satisfactory solution to this problem. (216 words) 模板二：圖表作文 The chart gives us an overall picture of the ____________(圖表主題). The first thing we notice is that_______________(圖表最大特點). This means that as __________, _________________(進一步說明). We can see from the statistics given that _______________(圖表細節(jié) 一). After ving_________(細節(jié)一中的第一個變化), the _____Ved+幅度+時間 (緊跟著的變化). The figures also tells us that_________________________(圖表細節(jié)二). (數(shù)據(jù)位置，如 In the second column), we can see that ____________accounts for _______(進一步描述). Judging from these figures, we can draw the conclusion that___________(結(jié)論). The reason for this, as far as I am concerned is that_____________(給出原因). / It is high time that we Ved(發(fā)出倡議)

   第一篇:考研英語圖表作文

   圖表作文（一）第一節(jié) 圖表作文的類型圖表作文可分為兩大類：表作文和圖作文。
   表作文表格(Table)可以使大量數(shù)據(jù)系統(tǒng)化，便于閱讀、比較。表格常由標題(Title)、表頭 (Boxhead)(表格的第一行)、側(cè)目(Stub)(表格左邊的第一列)和主體(Body)部分(表格的其余部分)等部分組成。如下表：

   用表格表達的信息具體準確，而且表格中的各項均按一定規(guī)律排列。

   閱讀表格時要注意找出表格中各個項目的相互關(guān)系，表格中各個項目的變化規(guī)律。例如，上面的表格中的數(shù)字說明，和 1978 年相比，1983 年大學(xué)入學(xué)的人數(shù)在增加，而小學(xué)的入學(xué)人數(shù)在減少。搞清楚這些變化規(guī)律也就讀懂了表格的內(nèi)容。

   圖作文圖作文又可分為三種：圓形圖作文、曲線圖作文和條狀圖作文。

   (1) 圓形圖作文圓形圖(Pie chart)也稱為餅狀圖或圓面分割圖。圓形圖因為比較形象和直觀，各部分空間大小差別容易分辨，所以常用來表示總量和各分量之間的百分比關(guān)系。整個圓表示總量，楔形塊表示分量。

   有時圓形圖還有數(shù)值表，兩者結(jié)合可把各分量表示得更準確、清楚。

   例如：

   This is a pie chart of the average weekly expenditure of a family in Great Britain. As can be see from the chart, the main expenditure of an average British family is spent on food, which accounts for 25% of its total expenditure. The next two significant expending items are transport and housing, which are 15% and 12% respectively. If we take into account clothing and footwear, which makes up 10%, the four essentials of life, that is, food, transport, housing, and clothing and footwear, amount to 62% of the total expenditure. (2) 曲線圖作文曲線圖(Line graph)也稱為線性圖或坐標圖。

   曲線圖最適合表示兩個變量之間關(guān)系的發(fā)展過程和趨勢。一般來說，曲線所呈現(xiàn)的形狀比某一點所代表的變量的值更有意義。曲線圖有橫軸和縱軸。一般先看橫軸所代表的數(shù)量或時間等，然后再看縱軸所顯示的意義。同時必須找出線條所反映的最高或最低的變化。例如：

   這個曲線圖的橫軸代表 1990 年的不同的月份，縱軸代表交通事故的數(shù)量。從交通事故曲線圖上可知，前八個月的交通事故的數(shù)量有升有降。曲線圖在八月份升到了最高點(39)，此后一直呈下降的趨勢，十二月份降到了最低點(16)?？梢?，1990 年的交通事故的數(shù)量總體上呈下降的趨勢。

   (3) 條形圖作文條形圖(Bar graph)也稱為立柱圖或圓柱圖。條形圖由寬度相同但長度不同的條塊代表不同的量。當要比較幾個項目或量時，常用不同顏色來區(qū)分。條形圖主要用來表示：1)同一項目在不同時間的量;2)同一時間不同項目的量。閱讀條形圖時，要先看圖例，再看橫軸、縱橫各代表什么量，每一個刻度所代表的值是多少，最后找出圖中各長條所表示的數(shù)據(jù)及各長條間的相互關(guān)系。例如：

   左邊的條形圖的橫軸代表時間，縱軸代表期望壽命(Life Expectancy)，這一條形圖想要體現(xiàn)的是同一項目(期望壽命)在不同時間的量。右邊的條形圖的橫軸也是代表時間，縱軸是代表嬰兒的死亡率(Infant Mortality)，這一條形圖想要體現(xiàn)的也是同一項目(嬰兒的死亡率) 在不同時間的量。左邊的條形圖表明 1990 年的人均期望壽命比 1960 年的人均期望壽命長 20 歲，而 1990 年的嬰兒死亡率比 1960 年的嬰兒死亡率下降了 50%。 1 第二節(jié) 圖表作文的出題形式例 1 題目：Changes in People’s Diet Study the following table carefully and your composition must be based on the information given in the table. Write three paragraphs to : 1. state the changes in people’s diet (飲食) in the past five years;

   2. give possible reasons for the changes;

   3. draw your own conclusions. You should quote as few figures as possible. 例 2 題目：Car Accidents Declining in Walton City Remember that your composition must be written according to the following outline;

   1. Rise and fall of the rate of car accidents as indicated by the graph;

   2. Possible reason(s) for the decline of car accidents in the city;

   3. Your predictions of what will happen this year. Your composition should be no less than 120 words and you should quote as few figures as possible. 例 3 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Health Gain in Developing Countries. Your composition must be no less than 120 words and you should base your composition on the following instructions (given in Chinese): 1. 以下圖為依據(jù)描述發(fā)展中國家的期望壽命(life expectancy)和嬰兒死亡率(infant mortality)的變化情況 2. 說明引起變化的各種原因從以上例子可見，圖表作文一般在題目中給出作文的標題和一個或幾個統(tǒng)計表格、圓形圖、曲線圖或條形圖，有時還用英文或中文提綱的形式給出提示，要求我們：

   1)用文字描述圖表，客觀解釋圖表中所傳遞的信息，并找出某種規(guī)律或趨勢;

   2)就圖表中所反映的某種趨勢或問題分析其原因或后果。

   第三節(jié) 圖表作文的寫作要領(lǐng) 圖表作文著重說明事實，常常是通過對圖表中所反映的具體數(shù)據(jù)的說明、分析、比較，對某種事物或現(xiàn)象的事實或變化情況等加以說明，并提出結(jié)論或看法。因此，圖表作文常常采用議論文體的寫作方法。

   寫好圖表作文，關(guān)鍵在于能否讀懂圖表中所提供的信息，把握各信息間的聯(lián)系，用準確流暢的語言把這一信息表達出來，并就這一信息發(fā)表自己的看法。

   圖表作文的寫作步驟寫圖表作文時，要注意遵循以下步驟：

   1)認真分析圖表的含義，弄清圖表中所含的信息及不同信息間的關(guān)系;

   2)確定文章的主題思想，構(gòu)思出文章的基本框架，篩選出能說明圖表主題思想的典型數(shù) 據(jù);

   3)編列文章的提綱;

   4)根據(jù)文章的提綱，將各段的提綱內(nèi)容擴展成段落，然后將各個段落組成文章，注意段與段之間的銜接與過渡;

   5)檢查與修改。 2 圖表作文的篇章結(jié)構(gòu) 寫圖表作文時，常采用三段式的謀篇方式。

   文章的第一段往往分析圖表中的數(shù)據(jù)變化反映什么問題或趨勢，概述圖表所揭示的信息。第二段分析造成這一問題或趨勢的原因。第三段則展望未來的情況或提出解決問題的辦法或建議。這一結(jié)構(gòu)可以簡單地表述為：

   第一段：概述圖表反映的主題思想第二段：分析產(chǎn)生的原因第三段：展望未來或提出方法或建議圖表作文常用的句型 (1)常用的開篇句型(即概述圖表內(nèi)容時常用的表達法) ① According to the table/pie chart/line graph/bar graph, we can see/conclude that … 根據(jù)該表/圖，我們可知 …… ② The table/graph reveals (shows/indicates/illustrates/ represents/points out) that … 該表/ 圖表明…… ③ As we can see from the table … As can be seen from the line/bar graph … As is shown (illustrated/indicated) in the pie chart … 如表/圖所示，…… (2) 描述增減變化常用的句型 ① Compared with … is still increased by … ② The number of … grew/rose from … to … ③ An increase is shown in …;

   then came a sharp increase of … ④ In … the number remains the same/drops to … ⑤ There was a very slight (small/slow/gradual) rise/increase in 1990. ⑥There was a very steady (marked/sharp/rapid/sudden/ dramatic) drop (decrease/ decline/ fall/ reduction) in 1998/ compared with that of last year). 下面是根據(jù)例 2 的題目要求寫的范文。

   ⑴From the graph, we can see that the number of car accidents in Walton city fluctuated during the year of 1990. ⑵The first two months of 1990 showed an increasing trend. ⑶The rate rose to 32 in March but fell to 26 in June. ⑷From June on, the rate was rising again and reached the peak point 39 in August. ⑸After August the rate began to decline remarkably, and eventually dropped to the lowest point 16 at the end of the year. ⑹Therefore, it’s obvious that car accident in Walton city declined in 1990.⑴主題句/概述表格反映的內(nèi)容⑵—(5)反映交通事故的變化情況 (6)小結(jié)：總結(jié)表格數(shù)據(jù)反映的總趨勢 ⑺There are several reasons for the decline. ⑻First, a new traffic law was made and came into force. ⑼It provided that in summer every car must be air-conditioned. ⑽As a result, the highest rate in August, when humidity and high temperature make drivers impatient and easily lead to car accidents, dropped steadily. ⑾Second, new roads were built and some narrow streets were widened, which quickened the flow of traffic. ⑿Finally, the city administration made great efforts to heighten people’s awareness of observing traffic rules.⑺主題句⑻原因/措施一⑼解釋措施一/次要輔助⑽采取措施一后的結(jié)果⑾原因/措施二⑿原因/措施三 ⒀With all these new measures, I’m sure the rate of car accidents in Walton city will go on falling this year.⒀總結(jié)：展望未來的情況 3 第四節(jié)、圖表作文練習(xí)及其參考范文下面是寫作練習(xí)，在寫作的過程中注意審題，考慮文章的結(jié)構(gòu)、采用的擴展方法、開頭的結(jié)尾的方法以及文章中的過渡等。

   練習(xí) 1：Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition of no less than 120 words on Changes in People’s Diet. Study the following table carefully and your composition must be based on the information given in the table. Write three paragraphs to: 1. state the changes in people’s diet (飲食) in the past five years;

   2. give possible reasons for the changes;

   3. draw your own conclusions. You should quote as few figures as possible. ⑴As is shown in the table, there have been great changes in people's diet between 1986 and 1990. ⑵From the table, we can find that grain, formerly the main food of most Chinese people, is now playing a less important role in people's diet. ⑶And the same goes for fruit and vegetables. ⑷On the other hand, the consumption of high-nutrition food such milk and meat has increased rapidly. ⑸What has caused these changes? There are mainly three reasons (主題句). (6) First, people are much wealthier than before. (7) With higher income, they can afford to buy nutritious foods. (8) Second, people have realized the importance of a balanced diet to their health. (9) Lack of certain amount of meat or milk, for example, will result in poor health. (10) Finally, owing to the economic reform, meat and milk, which were scarce in the past, are produced in large quantities. (11) Although milk and meat are important to one's health, eating too much rich food may result in obesity and may other diseases. (12)Therefore, people should not only eat a lot of milk and meat, but also enough grain, fruit and vegetable for the sake of their health. 圖表作文（二）一、圖表作文寫作常識 1、圖形種類及概述法：

   泛指一份數(shù)據(jù)圖表：a data graph/chart/diagram/illustration/table 餅圖：pie chart 直方圖或柱形圖：bar chart / histogram 趨勢曲線圖：line chart / curve diagram 表格圖：table 流程圖或過程圖：flow chart / sequence diagram 程序圖：processing/procedures diagram 2、常用的描述用法 The table/chart diagram/graph shows （that） According to the table/chart diagram/graph As （is） shown in the table/chart diagram/graph As can be seen from the table/chart/diagram/graph/figures， figures/statistics shows （that）…… It can be seen from the figures/statistics We can see from the figures/statistics It is clear from the figures/statistics 4 It is apparent from the figures/statistics table/chart/diagram/graph figures （that） …… table/chart/diagram/graph shows/describes/illustrates how…… 3、圖表中的數(shù)據(jù)（Data）具體表達法數(shù)據(jù)（Data）在某一個時間段固定不變：fixed in time 在一系列的時間段中轉(zhuǎn)變：changes over time 持續(xù)變化的 data 在不同情況下：

   增加：increase / raise / rise / go up …… 減少：decrease / grow down / drop / fall …… 波動：fluctuate / rebound / undulate / wave …… 穩(wěn)定：remain stable / stabilize / level off …… 最常用的兩種表達法：

   動詞+副詞形式（Verb+Adverb form）形容詞+名詞形式（Adjective+Noun form）二、相關(guān)常用詞組 1、主章開頭圖表類型：table、chart、diagramgraph、column chart、pie graph 描述：show、describe、illustrate、can be seen from、clear、apparent、reveal、 represent 內(nèi)容：figure、statistic、number、percentage、proportion 2、表示數(shù)據(jù)變化的單詞或者詞組 rapid/rapidly 迅速的，飛快的，險峻的 dramatic/dramatically 戲劇性的，生動的 significant/significantly 有意義的，重大的，重要的 sharp/sharply 銳利的，明顯的，急劇的 steep/steeply 急劇升降的 steady/steadily 穩(wěn)固的，堅定不移的 gradual/gradually 漸進的，逐漸的 slow/slowly 緩慢的，不活躍的 slight/slightly 輕微的、略微地 stable/stably 穩(wěn)定的 3、其它在描述中的常用到的詞 significant changes 圖中一些較大變化 noticeable trend 明顯趨勢 during the same period 在同一時期 grow/grew 增長 distribute 分布，區(qū)別 unequally 不相等地 in the case of adv. 在……的情況下 in terms of / in respect of / regarding 在……方面 in contrast 相反，大不相同 government policy 政府政策 market forces 市場規(guī)率 5 measure forecast n.尺寸，方法，措施 v.估量，調(diào)節(jié) n.先見，預(yù)見 v.預(yù)測三、英語圖表寫作套句精選 1.the table shows the changes in the number of……over the period from……to…… 該表格描述了在……年之……年間……數(shù)量的變化。

   2.the bar chart illustrates that…… 該柱狀圖展示了…… 3.the graph provides some interesting data regarding…… 該圖為我們提供了有關(guān)……有趣數(shù)據(jù)。

   4.the diagram shows （that）…… 該圖向我們展示了…… 5.the pie graph depicts （that）…… 該圓形圖揭示了…… 6.this is a cure graph which describes the trend of……這個曲線圖描述了……的趨勢。

   7.the figures/statistics show （that）…… 數(shù)據(jù)（字）表明…… 8.the tree diagram reveals how…… 該樹型圖向我們揭示了如何…… 9.the data/statistics show （that）…… 該數(shù)據(jù)（字）可以這樣理解…… 10.the data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that…… 這些數(shù)據(jù)資料令我們得出結(jié)論…… 11.as is shown/demonstrated/exhibited in the diagram/graph/chart/table…如圖所示… 12.according to the chart/figures…… 根據(jù)這些表（數(shù)字）…… 13.as is shown in the table…… 如表格所示…… 14.as can be seen from the diagram，great changes have taken place in…… 從圖中可以看出，……發(fā)生了巨大變化。

   15.from the table/chart/diagram/figure，we can see clearly that……or it is clear/apparent from the chart that…… 從圖表我們可以很清楚（明顯）看到…… 16.this is a graph which illustrates…… 這個圖表向我們展示了…… 17.this table shows the changing proportion of a &

   b from……to…… 該表格描述了……年到……年間 a 與 b 的比例關(guān)系。

   18.the graph，presented in a pie chart， shows the general trend in…… 該圖以圓形圖形式描述了……總的趨勢。

   19.this is a column chart showing…… 這是個柱型圖，描述了…… 20.as can be seen from the graph，the two curves show the fluctuation of…… 如圖所示，兩條曲線描述了……的波動情況。

   21.over the period from…to…the…remained level. 在…至…期間，…基本不變。

   22.in the year between……and…… 在……年到……期間…… 23.in the 3 years spanning from 1995 through 1998…… 1995 年至 1998 三年里…… 24.from then on/from this time onwards…… 從那時起…… 25.the number of……remained steady/stable from （month/year） to （month/year）。

   ……月（年）至……月（年）……的數(shù)量基本不變。

   26.the number sharply went up to…… 數(shù)字急劇上升至…… 27.the percentage of…stayed the same between…and……至…期間…的比率維持不變。

   28.the figures peaked at……in （month/year） ……的數(shù)目在……月（年）達到頂點，為…… 29.the percentage remained steady at…… 比率維持在…… 30.the percentage of…is slightly larger/smaller than that of 比例比…的比例略高（低）。

   31.there is not a great deal of difference between……and………與……的區(qū)別不大。 6 32.the graphs show a threefold increase in the number of…… 該圖表表明……的數(shù)目增長了三倍。

   33……decreased year by year while……increased steadily. ……逐年減少，而……逐步上升。

   34.the situation reached a peak（a high point at） of[%]. ……的情況（局勢）到達頂（高）點，為……百分點。

   35.the figures/situation bottomed out in…… 數(shù)字（情況）在……達到底部。

   36.the figures reached the bottom/a low point/hit a trough.數(shù)字（情況）達到底部（低谷）。

   37.a is ……times as much/many as b. a 是 b 的……倍。

   38.a increased by…… a 增長了…… 39.a increased to…… a 增長到…… 40.high/low/great/small/ percentage. 比低高（低） 41.there is an upward trend in the number of…… ……數(shù)字呈上升趨勢。

   42.a considerable increase/decrease occurred from……to………到……發(fā)生急劇上升。

   43.from……to……the rate of decrease slow down. 從……到……，下降速率減慢。

   44.from this year on，there was a gradual declinel reduction in the……，reaching a figure of…… 從這年起，……逐漸下降至…… 45.be similar to…… 與……相似 46.be the same as…… 與……相同 47.there are a lot similarities/differences between……and…… ……與……之間有許多相似（不同）之處 48.a has something in common with b a 于 b 有共同之處。

   49.the difference between a and b lies in…… a 與 b 之間的差別在于…… 50……（year）witnessed/saw a sharp rise in…… ……年……急劇上升開頭段轉(zhuǎn)述題目常用句型 The line graph describes/ illustrates/ demonstrates/ summarizes/ outlines/ shows… 后面跟名詞或者從句開頭段或者主體段引出數(shù)據(jù)或者趨勢常用句型 According to/ As shown in/ As can be seen from… 后面跟圖表的類型 It can be seen from …后面跟圖表的類型… that It is manifest from…后面跟圖表的類型… that 表示上升的動詞 Go up(went up) /rise(rose)/ grow(grew)/ increase(increased)/ ascend(ascended) , 其中 rise 和 increase 也經(jīng)常作名詞, grow-growth 表示急劇上升的動詞 Jump(jumped)/ surge(surged)/shoot up (shot up)/ soar(soared) 其中 surge 也可以做名詞表示下降的動詞 Decline/ fall/ drop/ sink/ dip/ decrease/ descend, 其中 decline/ fall/ drop/ decrease 也經(jīng)常做名詞表示急劇下降的動詞 Plummet/ plunge 表示速度快的形容詞 Sharp/ dramatic/ drastic/ rapid/precipitous/steep 副詞加 -ly 7 表示幅度大的形容詞 Marked/ substantial / significant, 副詞加 -ly 表示緩慢,逐漸的形容詞 Gradual/ steady/ gentle / slow, 副詞加 -ly 表示小幅度的形容詞 Modest/ moderate/ slight, 副詞加 -ly 表示波動的動詞 Fluctuate, 不及物動詞,名詞 fluctuation 表示穩(wěn)定在一個水平上的動詞 Level off at/ level out at/ hover at/ stabilize at/ reached a plateau at 表示達到最高的動詞 Peak at/ reach the highest point at , peak 也可以做名詞表示達到最低的動詞 Reach the bottom at/ the lowest point at/ bottom out at, bottom 也可以做名詞表示經(jīng)歷了某種變化的及物動詞 Experience/ witness/ see 表示達到了多少數(shù)量的及物動詞或詞組 Reach/arrive at/ amount to / hit/ register/ stand at 表示占…(后面跟百分數(shù)或數(shù)字)的及物動詞或詞組 Account for/ represent / constitute / make up 表示數(shù)據(jù)由某幾個部分組成的既無動詞或者詞組 A is composed of/comprise/ is made up of/ consists of B,C and D. 注意和 include 區(qū)別表示對未來數(shù)字的預(yù)測的及物動詞 Project/ predict / forecast 表示"分別"的副詞 Respectively—in the 2004 Olympics, China and Russia won X and Y gold medals respectively. 表示"大約"的副詞或者詞組 About, around, approximately, roughly, just over, just under 8

   第一篇:考研英語圖表作文

   圖表作文（一）第一節(jié) 圖表作文的類型圖表作文可分為兩大類：表作文和圖作文。
   表作文表格(Table)可以使大量數(shù)據(jù)系統(tǒng)化，便亍閱讀、比較。表格常由標題(Title)、表頭 (Boxhead)(表格的第一行)、側(cè)目(Stub)(表格左邊的第一列)和主體(Body)部分(表格的其余部分)等部分組成。如下表：

   用表格表達的信息具體準確，而且表格中的各項均按一定觃律排列。

   閱讀表格時要注意找出表格中各個項目的相互關(guān)系，表格中各個項目的變化觃律。例如，上面的表格中的數(shù)字說明，和 1978 年相比，1983 年大學(xué)入學(xué)的人數(shù)在增加，而小學(xué)的入學(xué)人數(shù)在減少。搞清楚這些變化觃律也就讀懂了表格的內(nèi)容。

   圖作文圖作文又可分為三種：圓形圖作文、曲線圖作文和條狀圖作文。

   (1) 圓形圖作文囿形圖(Pie chart)也稱為餅狀圖戒囿面分割圖。囿形圖因為比較形象和直觀，各部分空間大小差別容易分辨，所以常用來表示總量和各分量乊間的百分比關(guān)系。整個囿表示總量，楔形塊表示分量。

   有時囿形圖還有數(shù)值表，兩者結(jié)合可把各分量表示得更準確、清楚。

   例如：

   This is a pie chart of the average weekly expenditure of a family in Great Britain. As can be see from the chart, the main expenditure of an average British family is spent on food, which accounts for 25% of its total expenditure. The next two significant expending items are transport and housing, which are 15% and 12% 1 respectively. If we take into account clothing and footwear, which makes up 10%, the four essentials of life, that is, food, transport, housing, and clothing and footwear, amount to 62% of the total expenditure. (2) 曲線圖作文曲線圖(Line graph)也稱為線性圖戒坐標圖。曲線圖最適合表示兩個變量乊間關(guān)系的發(fā) 展過程和趨勢。一般來說，曲線所呈現(xiàn)的形狀比某一點所代表的變量的值更有意義。曲線圖有橫軸和縱軸。一般先看橫軸所代表的數(shù)量戒時間等，然后再看縱軸所顯示的意義。同時必須找出線條所反映的最高戒最低的變化。例如：

   這個曲線圖的橫軸代表 1990 年的丌同的月份，縱軸代表交通事故的數(shù)量。從交通事故曲線圖上可知，前八個月的交通事故的數(shù)量有升有降。曲線圖在八月份升到了最高點(39)，此后一直呈下降的趨勢，十二月份降到了最低點(16)?？梢姡?990 年的交通事故的數(shù)量總體上呈下降的趨勢。

   (3) 條形圖作文條形圖(Bar graph)也稱為立柱圖戒囿柱圖。條形圖由寬度相同但長度丌同的條塊代表丌同的量。當要比較幾個項目戒量時，常用丌同顏色來區(qū)分。條形圖主要用來表示：1)同一項目在丌同時間的量;2)同一時間丌同項目的量。閱讀條形圖時，要先看圖例，再看橫軸、縱橫各代表什么量，每一個刻度所代表的值是多少，最后找出圖中各長條所表示的數(shù)據(jù)及各長條間的相互關(guān)系。例如：

   左邊的條形圖的橫軸代表時間，縱軸代表期望壽命(Life Expectancy)，這一條形圖想要體現(xiàn)的是同一項目(期望壽命)在丌同時間的量。右邊的條形圖的橫軸也是代表時間，縱軸是代表嬰兒的死亡率(Infant Mortality)，這一條形圖想要體現(xiàn)的也是同一項目(嬰兒的死亡率) 在丌同時間的量。左邊的條形圖表明 1990 年的人均期望壽命比 1960 年的人均期望壽命長 2 20 歲，而 1990 年的嬰兒死亡率比 1960 年的嬰兒死亡率下降了 50%。第二節(jié) 圖表作文的出題形式例 1 題目：Changes in People’s Diet Study the following table carefully and your composition must be based on the information given in the table. Write three paragraphs to : 1. state the changes in people’s diet (飲食) in the past five years;

   2. give possible reasons for the changes;

   3. draw your own conclusions. You should quote as few figures as possible. 例 2 題目：Car Accidents Declining in Walton City Remember that your composition must be written according to the following outline;

   1. Rise and fall of the rate of car accidents as indicated by the graph;

   2. Possible reason(s) for the decline of car accidents in the city;

   3. Your predictions of what will happen this year. Your composition should be no less than 120 words and you should quote as few figures as possible. 例 3 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Health Gain in Developing Countries. Your composition must be no less than 120 3 words and you should base your composition on the following instructions (given in Chinese): 1. 以下圖為依據(jù)描述發(fā)展中國家的期望壽命(life expectancy)和嬰兒死亡率(infant mortality)的變化情況 2. 說明引起變化的各種原因從以上例子可見，圖表作文一般在題目中給出作文的標題和一個戒幾個統(tǒng)計表格、囿形圖、曲線圖戒條形圖，有時還用英文戒中文提綱的形式給出提示，要求我們：

   1)用文字描述圖表，客觀解釋圖表中所傳遞的信息，幵找出某種觃律戒趨勢;

   2)就圖表中所反映的某種趨勢戒問題分析其原因戒后果。第三節(jié) 圖表作文的寫作要領(lǐng) 圖表作文著重說明事實，常常是通過對圖表中所反映的具體數(shù)據(jù)的說明、分析、比較，對某種事物戒現(xiàn)象的事實戒變化情況等加以說明，幵提出結(jié)論戒看法。因此，圖表作文常常采用議論文體的寫作方法。

   寫好圖表作文，關(guān)鍵在亍能否讀懂圖表中所提供的信息，把握各信息間的聯(lián)系，用準確流暢的語言把這一信息表達出來，幵就這一信息發(fā)表自己的看法。

   圖表作文的寫作步驟寫圖表作文時，要注意遵循以下步驟：

   1)認真分析圖表的含義，弄清圖表中所含的信息及丌同信息間的關(guān)系;

   2)確定文章的主題思想，構(gòu)思出文章的基本框架，篩選出能說明圖表主題思想的典型數(shù) 據(jù);

   3)編列文章的提綱; 4 4)根據(jù)文章的提綱，將各段的提綱內(nèi)容擴展成段落，然后將各個段落組成文章，注意段不段乊間的銜接不過渡;

   5)檢查不修改。

   圖表作文的篇章結(jié)構(gòu) 寫圖表作文時，常采用三段式的謀篇方式。文章的第一段往往分析圖表中的數(shù)據(jù)變化反映什么問題戒趨勢，概述圖表所揭示的信息。第二段分析造成這一問題戒趨勢的原因。第三段則展望未來的情況戒提出解決問題的辦法戒建議。這一結(jié)構(gòu)可以簡單地表述為：

   第一段：概述圖表反映的主題思想第二段：分析產(chǎn)生的原因第三段：展望未來戒提出方法戒建議圖表作文常用的句型 (1)常用的開篇句型(即概述圖表內(nèi)容時常用的表達法) ① According to the table/pie chart/line graph/bar graph, we can see/conclude that … 根據(jù)該表/圖，我們可知 …… ② The table/graph reveals (shows/indicates/illustrates/ represents/points out) that … 該表/圖表明…… ③ As we can see from the table … As can be seen from the line/bar graph … As is shown (illustrated/indicated) in the pie chart … 5 如表/圖所示，…… (2) 描述增減變化常用的句型 ① Compared with … is still increased by … ② The number of … grew/rose from … to … ③ An increase is shown in …;

   then came a sharp increase of … ④ In … the number remains the same/drops to … ⑤ There was a very slight (small/slow/gradual) rise/increase in 1990. ⑥There was a very steady (marked/sharp/rapid/sudden/ dramatic) drop (decrease/ decline/ fall/ reduction) in 1998/ compared with that of last year). 下面是根據(jù)例 2 的題目要求寫的范文。

   ⑴From the graph, we can see that the number of car accidents in Walton city fluctuated during the year of 1990. ⑵The first two months of 1990 showed an increasing trend. ⑶The rate rose to 32 in March but fell to 26 in June. ⑷From June on, the rate was rising again and reached the peak point 39 in August. ⑸After August the rate began to decline remarkably, and eventually dropped to the lowest point 16 at the end of the year. ⑹Therefore, it’s obvious that car accident in Walton city declined in 1990.⑴主題句/概述表格反映的內(nèi)容⑵—(5)反映交通事故的變化情況(6)小結(jié)：總結(jié)表格數(shù)據(jù)反映的總趨勢 ⑺There are several reasons for the decline. ⑻First, a new traffic law was made 6 and came into force. ⑼ It provided that in summer every car must be air-conditioned. ⑽As a result, the highest rate in August, when humidity and high temperature make drivers impatient and easily lead to car accidents, dropped steadily. ⑾Second, new roads were built and some narrow streets were widened, which quickened the flow of traffic. ⑿Finally, the city administration made great efforts to heighten people’s awareness of observing traffic rules.⑺主題句⑻原因/ 措施一⑼解釋措施一/次要輔助⑽采取措施一后的結(jié)果⑾原因/措施二⑿原因/措施三 ⒀With all these new measures, I’ sure the rate of car accidents in Walton city m will go on falling this year.⒀總結(jié)：展望未來的情況第四節(jié)、圖表作文練習(xí)及其參考范文下面是寫作練習(xí)，在寫作的過程中注意審題，考慮文章的結(jié)構(gòu)、采用的擴展方法、開頭的結(jié)尾的方法以及文章中的過渡等。

   練習(xí) 1：Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition of no less than 120 words on Changes in People’s Diet. Study the following table carefully and your composition must be based on the information given in the table. Write three paragraphs to: 1. state the changes in people’s diet (飲食) in the past five years;

   2. give possible reasons for the changes;

   3. draw your own conclusions. You should quote as few figures as possible. ⑴As is shown in the table, there have been great changes in people's diet 7 between 1986 and 1990. ⑵From the table, we can find that grain, formerly the main food of most Chinese people, is now playing a less important role in people's diet. ⑶And the same goes for fruit and vegetables. ⑷On the other hand, the consumption of high-nutrition food such milk and meat has increased rapidly. ⑸What has caused these changes? There are mainly three reasons (主題句). (6) First, people are much wealthier than before. (7) With higher income, they can afford to buy nutritious foods. (8) Second, people have realized the importance of a balanced diet to their health. (9) Lack of certain amount of meat or milk, for example, will result in poor health. (10) Finally, owing to the economic reform, meat and milk, which were scarce in the past, are produced in large quantities. (11) Although milk and meat are important to one's health, eating too much rich food may result in obesity and may other diseases. (12)Therefore, people should not only eat a lot of milk and meat, but also enough grain, fruit and vegetable for the sake of their health. 圖表作文（二）一、圖表作文寫作常識 1、圖形種類及概述法：

   泛指一份數(shù)據(jù)圖表：a data graph/chart/diagram/illustration/table 餅圖：pie chart 直方圖戒柱形圖：bar chart / histogram 8 趨勢曲線圖：line chart / curve diagram 表格圖：table 流程圖戒過程圖：flow chart / sequence diagram 程序圖：processing/procedures diagram 2、常用的描述用法 The table/chart diagram/graph shows （that） According to the table/chart diagram/graph As （is） shown in the table/chart diagram/graph As can be seen from the table/chart/diagram/graph/figures， figures/statistics shows （that）…… It can be seen from the figures/statistics We can see from the figures/statistics It is clear from the figures/statistics It is apparent from the figures/statistics table/chart/diagram/graph figures （that） …… table/chart/diagram/graph shows/describes/illustrates how…… 3、圖表中的數(shù)據(jù)（Data）具體表達法數(shù)據(jù)（Data）在某一個時間段固定丌變：fixed in time 在一系列的時間段中轉(zhuǎn)變：changes over time 持續(xù)變化的 data 在不同情況下：

   增加：increase / raise / rise / go up …… 減少：decrease / grow down / drop / fall …… 9 波動：fluctuate / rebound / undulate / wave …… 穩(wěn)定：remain stable / stabilize / level off …… 最常用的兩種表達法：

   動詞+副詞形式（Verb+Adverb form）形容詞+名詞形式（Adjective+Noun form）二、相關(guān)常用詞組 1、主章開頭圖表類型：table、chart、diagramgraph、column chart、pie graph 描述：

   show、 describe、 illustrate、 can be seen from、 clear、 apparent、 reveal、represent 內(nèi)容：figure、statistic、number、percentage、proportion 2、表示數(shù)據(jù)變化的單詞或者詞組 rapid/rapidly 迅速的，飛快的，險峻的戲劇性的，生動的有意義的，重大的，重要的 dramatic/dramatically significant/significantly sharp/sharply 銳利的，明顯的，急劇的 steep/steeply 急劇升降的 steady/steadily 穩(wěn)固的，堅定丌移的漸迚的，逐漸的 gradual/gradually slow/slowly 緩慢的，丌活躍的 slight/slightly 輕微的、略微地 10 stable/stably 穩(wěn)定的 3、其它在描述中的常用到的詞 significant changes 圖中一些較大變化 noticeable trend 明顯趨勢 during the same period grow/grew distribute unequally 增長分布，區(qū)別丌相等地在……的情況下在……方面在同一時期 in the case of adv. in terms of / in respect of / regarding in contrast 相反，大丌相同政府政策 government policy market forces measure forecast 市場觃率 n.尺寸，方法，措施 v.估量，調(diào)節(jié) n.先見，預(yù)見 v.預(yù)測三、英語圖表寫作套句精選 1.the table shows the changes in the number of……over the period from…… to…… 該表格描述了在……年乊……年間……數(shù)量的變化。

   2.the bar chart illustrates that…… 該柱狀圖展示了…… 3.the graph provides some interesting data regarding…… 11 該圖為我們提供了有關(guān)……有趣數(shù)據(jù)。

   4.the diagram shows （that）…… 5.the pie graph depicts （that）…… 該圖向我們展示了…… 該囿形圖揭示了…… 6.this is a cure graph which describes the trend of……這個曲線圖描述了……的趨勢。

   7.the figures/statistics show （that）…… 8.the tree diagram reveals how…… 9.the data/statistics show （that）…… 數(shù)據(jù)（字）表明…… 該樹型圖向我們揭示了如何…… 該數(shù)據(jù)（字）可以這樣理解…… 10.the data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that…… 這些數(shù)據(jù)資料令我們得出結(jié)論…… 11.as is shown/demonstrated/exhibited in the diagram/graph/chart/table…如圖所示… 12.according to the chart/figures…… 13.as is shown in the table…… 根據(jù)這些表（數(shù)字）…… 如表格所示…… 14.as can be seen from the diagram，great changes have taken place in…… 從圖中可以看出，……發(fā)生了巨大變化。

   15.from the table/chart/diagram/figure，we can see clearly that……or it is clear/apparent from the chart that…… 16.this is a graph which illustrates…… 從圖表我們可以很清楚（明顯）看到…… 這個圖表向我們展示了…… 17.this table shows the changing proportion of a &

   b from……to…… 該表格描述了……年到……年間 a 不 b 的比例關(guān)系。

   18.the graph，presented in a pie chart， shows the general trend in…… 12 該圖以囿形圖形式描述了……總的趨勢。

   19.this is a column chart showing…… 這是個柱型圖，描述了…… 20.as can be seen from the graph，the two curves show the fluctuation of…… 如圖所示，兩條曲線描述了……的波動情況。

   21.over the period from…to…the…remained level. 在…至…期間，…基本丌變。

   22.in the year between……and…… 在……年到……期間…… 1995 年至 1998 三年 23.in the 3 years spanning from 1995 through 1998…… 里…… 24.from then on/from this time onwards…… 從那時起…… 25.the number of … … remained steady/stable from （ month/year ） to （month/year）。

   ……月（年）至……月（年）……的數(shù)量基本丌變。

   26.the number sharply went up to…… 數(shù)字急劇上升至…… 27.the percentage of…stayed the same between…and……至…期間…的比率維持丌變。

   28.the figures peaked at……in（month/year）……的數(shù)目在……月（年）達到頂點，為…… 29.the percentage remained steady at…… 比率維持在…… 30.the percentage of…is slightly larger/smaller than that of 比例比…的比例略高（低）。

   31.there is not a great deal of difference between……and………不……的區(qū)別丌大。

   32.the graphs show a threefold increase in the number of…… 13 該圖表表明……的數(shù)目增長了三倍。

   33……decreased year by year while……increased steadily. ……逐年減少，而……逐步上升。

   34.the situation reached a peak（a high point at） of[%]. ……的情況（局勢）到達頂（高）點，為……百分點。

   35.the figures/situation bottomed out in…… 數(shù)字（情況）在……達到底部。 36.the figures reached the bottom/a low point/hit a trough.數(shù)字（情況）達到底部（低谷）。

   37.a is ……times as much/many as b. 38.a increased by…… 39.a increased to…… a 增長了…… a 增長到…… 比低高（低） ……數(shù)字呈上升趨勢。

   a 是 b 的……倍。 40.high/low/great/small/ percentage. 41.there is an upward trend in the number of…… 42.a considerable increase/decrease occurred from……to………到……發(fā)生急劇上升。

   43.from……to……the rate of decrease slow down. 從……到……，下降速率減慢。 44.from this year on， there was a gradual declinel reduction in the……， reaching a figure of…… 從這年起，……逐漸下降至…… 不……相似不……相同 45.be similar to…… 46.be the same as…… 47.there are a lot similarities/differences between……and…… ……不……乊間有許多相似（丌同）乊處 14 48.a has something in common with b a 亍 b 有共同乊處。

   a 不 b 乊間的差別在亍…… ……年……急劇上升 49.the difference between a and b lies in…… 50……（year）witnessed/saw a sharp rise in…… 開頭段轉(zhuǎn)述題目常用句型 The line graph describes/ illustrates/ demonstrates/ summarizes/ outlines/ shows… 后面跟名詞戒者從句開頭段戒者主體段引出數(shù)據(jù)戒者趨勢常用句型 According to/ As shown in/ As can be seen from… 后面跟圖表的類型 It can be seen from …后面跟圖表的類型… that It is manifest from…后面跟圖表的類型… that 表示上升的動詞 Go up(went up) /rise(rose)/ grow(grew)/ increase(increased)/ ascend(ascended) , 其中 rise 和 increase 也經(jīng)常作名詞, grow-growth 表示急劇上升的動詞 Jump( jumped)/ surge(surged)/shoot up (shot up)/ soar(soared) 其中 surge 也可以做名詞表示下降的動詞 Decline/ fall/ drop/ sink/ dip/ decrease/ descend, 其中 decline/ fall/ drop/ decrease 也經(jīng)常做名詞 15 表示急劇下降的動詞 Plummet/ plunge 表示速度快的形容詞 Sharp/ dramatic/ drastic/ rapid/precipitous/steep 副詞加 -ly 表示幅度大的形容詞 Marked/ substantial / significant, 副詞加 -ly 表示緩慢,逐漸的形容詞 Gradual/ steady/ gentle / slow, 副詞加 -ly 表示小幅度的形容詞 Modest/ moderate/ slight, 副詞加 -ly 表示波動的動詞 Fluctuate, 丌及物動詞,名詞 fluctuation 表示穩(wěn)定在一個水平上的動詞 Level off at/ level out at/ hover at/ stabilize at/ reached a plateau at 表示達到最高的動詞 Peak at/ reach the highest point at , peak 也可以做名詞表示達到最低的動詞 Reach the bottom at/ the lowest point at/ bottom out at, bottom 也可以做名詞表示經(jīng)歷了某種變化的及物動詞 Experience/ witness/ see 表示達到了多少數(shù)量的及物動詞戒詞組 Reach/arrive at/ amount to / hit/ register/ stand at 16 表示占…(后面跟百分數(shù)戒數(shù)字)的及物動詞戒詞組 Account for/ represent / constitute / make up 表示數(shù)據(jù)由某幾個部分組成的既無動詞戒者詞組 A is composed of/comprise/ is made up of/ consists of B,C and D. 注意和 include 區(qū) 別表示對未來數(shù)字的預(yù)測的及物動詞 Project/ predict / forecast 表示"分別"的副詞 Respectively—in the 2004 Olympics, China and Russia won X and Y gold medals respectively. 表示"大約"的副詞戒者詞組 About, around, approximately, roughly, just over, just under 圖表作文（三）作文 1 DIRECTIONS: A. Study the following graphs carefully and write an essay in at least 150 words. B. Your essay must be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET II. C. Your essay should cover these three points: 1. effect of the country’s growing human population on its wildlife 2. possible reason for the effect 3. your suggestion for wildlife protection 17 【段落類型分析】第一段圖畫/圖表描述段【參考范文一】 From these graphs, we can draw a conclusion that, with the growth of human population, the number of species has decreased rapidly in America, and some species have even vanished from our planet. There are numerous reasons accounting for the phenomenon and I would like to explore a few of the most important ones here. Above all, as the human population grows rapidly, a growing number of people came to live where some wild species have been living. Then these species have to move to other places. Some of them probably can not adapt to the new environment and die. In addition, although many people look on the wildlife as their friends, some people may not think so. They catch a lot of wild animals and sell them in order to get more money. Consequently, the natural balance and the ecologic environment are destroyed. The clear cutting has become increasingly serious. So some of the wildlife become homeless and extinct. 18 第二段原因闡釋段第三段建議措施段 In order to protect the wildlife, I have some suggestions. First, the governments should make laws to prevent them from being caught and killed. Second, the governments should educate people to love nature and protect it. Third, as for ourselves, we should take practical actions to protect our living environment. (210 words) 【參考范文二】 The two charts show that the increase in the U.S. population has been accompanied by a corresponding decline in the number of wildlife species. Far too many species have been lost already. This poses a danger to the ecological balance. As the human population expands, wild animals in mounting numbers are hunted for food, or because they are thought to present a threat to man. But studies show that one of the primary causes of the disappearance of wildlife is pollution, which is one of the consequences of population growth and economic development. This makes us wonder if men are able to share this planet in harmony with other life forms. In my opinion, it is imperative for us to take steps to reverse the disturbing trend illustrated in the charts. One measure would be to forbid the building of cities in areas where wild life is threatened with extinction. But, more importantly, men must learn to stop polluting the environment, or he himself will be extinct. (167 words) 【參考范文三】 19 As is seen from the two graphs, it is clear that with the rapid growth of U.S. population from 1800 to 1990, the number of its wildlife species no longer existing soared during the same period. Naturally, we can draw the conclusion that the sharp decline of wildlife species resulted from the population growth. Several reasons may account for this phenomenon. To begin with, as the population grows, people consume much more natural resources. Second, with the increase of human activities, modern people take up more and more space which exerts a great influence on other species. Finally, the problem of pollution becomes more and more serious with the development of modern industry. More and more animals have to adapt themselves to the decaying environment or move to a totally different place, but not all of them are fortunate enough to survive the changes. Solving this problem calls for, above all, the government’s efforts to control population growth, to decrease industrial pollution and to enhance the laws to forbid wildlife hunting. Moreover, common citizens should be aware of this ecological crisis and take on the responsibility of wildlife protection. In a word, only when the government and the common people make joint efforts can we hope to find a satisfactory solution to this problem. (216 words) 作文 2 圖略 The line graph illustrates how the number of people using a London underground station fluctuates over the course of 16 hours (6am to 10pm). 20 As we can see from the graph, at 6am the number of people at the station stands at only 100. The number shoots up over the next two hours, peaking at 400 at 8am. Then the number descends drastically for two hours, bottoming out at 180 at 10am. The period between 10o'clock and 12o'clock witnesses a moderate growth in the number of people in the station, with the number reaching 280 at midday. Numbers in the following two hours stabilize at just under 300 people. Then the number plummets to only 100 from 2pm to 4pm. Then the next two hours see a dramatic rise again, with 6pm registering 380 people. After 6pm, the number dips again, reaching the lowest point of 130 at 8pm. The period from 8pm to 10pm experiences a slight rise, but then the number of people declines again from 180 at 9pm to 135 at 10pm. This line graph clearly demonstrates that rush hours in the early morning and the early evening are periods when the station is used by the most people. 作文 3 The diagram illustrates in four stages the recovery of the forests in Yellowstone National Park after a devastating forest fire. In the first picture, while the old forests still exist, they drop bad wood to the soil under them, which renders the soil more fertile. Then lightning and fire strike, destroying the forests completely. And the growth of new forests starts right at this point. The second picture demonstrates that in the first 50 years after the devastating fire, saplings grow in build while descend in overall number. In the next 21 two centuries, the young trees continue to thrive in Yellowstone, because of the fertile soil and the ample sunlight. Then, three hundred years after the fire, the number of trees decline to roughly the same as the old forests. These five pictures show us that it takes as long as three centuries for a destroyed forest to fully recover. Further, they vividly explain to us the natural law of "survival of the fittest". The number of trees that a region can support is not limitless, which means the forests on earth will not be an inexhaustible resource. 作文 4 The table below gives information about changes in modes of travel in England between 1985 and 2000.Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. 范文 1 The table indicates the number of miles by the average English person in 1985 and 2000, using various means of transport. The number of miles walked, cycled and travelled by local bus all decreased. Of these, the number of miles travelled by local bus decreased the most, from 429 22 miles in 1985 to 274 miles in 2000. The number of miles travelled by car, long distance bus, train and taxi all increased. The number of miles driven by car was 3,199 in 1985 and rose by 50% to 4,806 in 2000. The number of miles travelled by long distance bus more than doubled from 54 miles (1985)to 124 miles (2000). The number of miles driven by taxi trebled from 13 miles (1985) to 42 miles (2000). The use of other, unspecified, forms of transport also increased. Overall, the number of miles travelled by the average English person rose from 4,740 miles in 1985 to 6,475 miles in 2000, with the increase of cars accounting for almost all of that increase. (173 words) 范文 2 The table demonstrates how different modes of travel changed in England in 15 years spanning from 1985 to 2000. In general, the modes are classified into two kinds in terms of average miles travelled per person per year: one enjoyed rising popularity while the other decreasing. The travel modes which gained popularity in the period included cars, long distance buses, trains, taxis and others. Cars remained top among the modes in the 15 years, with its average miles increasing considerably from 3,199 in 1985 to 4,806 in 2000. Long distance buses and taxis seemed to be warmly welcomed by travelers, so average miles travelled in the two modes almost tripled. Travels by walking, bicycles and local buses lost travelers’ favor in the one and a 23 half decade. Average travelling distance by local buses suffered the biggest decrease, dropping from 429 to 274, whilst the number of miles by walking and bikes fell mildly from 255 to 237 and from 51 to 41 respectively. Despite the decreases, however, the total miles travelled grew from 4,740 to 6,475. In brief, the total travelling distance in the country grew in 15 years when cars, long distance buses, trains, taxis and other modes of travel were more popular and walking, bicycling and local transportation less popular. (212 words) 作文 5 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition of no less than 100 words on Income Sources between Chinese and American Students. Study the following table carefully and your composition must be based on the in formation given in the table. Write three paragraphs to: 1. Describe the differences of the income sources between Chinese and American students. 2. Analyze possible reasons for these differences. 3. Predicate future tendency. Source of income Percentage of Total Income ______________________________________________________________________________ Parents Scholarship Part-time job Fellowship or 24 American students Chinese students 50% 90% 35% 5% 15% 5% _______________________________________________________________________________ 范文: Income Sources Between Chinese Students and American Students Income sources of Chinese students are quite different from those of American students. In China, students get 90% of their money from their parents while in America, only 50% of students` money is provided by parents. In addition, Chinese students earn only 5% of their money from part time jobs and 5% from fellowship or scholarship while income from these two resources for American students takes up 35% and 15% respectively of their total income. I think there are probably three reasons for their differences. First, because of the influence of different social and family values, Chinese students have formed the habit of asking for money from their parents while American students have developed more sense of being financially independent. Second, most Chinese parents devote too much care to their children and they would rather save up to afford their children’ education rather than encourage them to take part-time jobs. s But in America, many parents pay more attention to developing the students ? ability of self-reliance, so they encourage their children to find part-time job to earn some money by themselves. Third, since America is more developed than China, it is relatively easy for students to find part-time jobs. In China, such opportunities are 25 rather rare. I believe with the development of China, more and more Chinese students will realize and pay more attention to the necessity of self-dependence. In addition, more and more opportunities will be provided for them to take part-time jobs. So more students will go out of the ivory tower to broaden their knowledge and to become the master of their own lives. 作文 6 For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: Student Use of Computers. You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the chart and the outline given below: 1.上圖所示為 1990 年、1995 年、2000 年某大學(xué)生使用計算機的情況，請描述其變化； 2.請說明發(fā)生這些變化的原因(可從計算機的用途、價格戒社會發(fā)展等方面加以說明)； 3.你認為目前大學(xué)生在計算機使用中有什么困難戒問題。范文: Student Use of Computer Since 1990, there has been tremendous growth in the use of computers by students. While in 1990, the average number of hours a student spent on the computer was about one hour per week, this number grew to nearly four hours per week by 1995, and to approximately 20 hours per week by the year 2000. This significant growth in the use of computers by students in the 1990’s can be attributed to several factors, including widespread usage, lower prices, and 26 technological and social developments. Nowadays, computers are widely used by students for word processing, book keeping, multimedia presentations, and access to the Internet for both research and communications. Additionally, since 1990, due to competition and technological advances, computer hardware and software prices, as well as Internet usage charges have dropped significantly. Finally, technological developments and changes in social habits in the 1990’ have played s a major role in this tremendous growth in the use of computers. Today’s society relies heavily on computers for immediate access to the news and for entertainment, including, listening to music, watching movies and sport events, and playing computer games. While computers are of great assistance to the students, and therefore, are indispensable tools, they also pose some challenges. The biggest challenge that many students face is discipline in the use of this powerful device. That is, students need to have the discipline of not allowing themselves to be lured by the entertaining aspects of this wonderful tool—aspects that can result in addiction to computer games or viewing of undesirable material on the Internet. That is to say, students need to use this powerful tool with great wisdom! 作文 7 The graphs below show the age structure of a European country from 1901 to 1981 and a prediction for 2021. Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. You should write at least 27 150 words. Sample Answer The graphs compare the population makeup of one European country every forty years from 1901 to 1981, and the estimated number in 2021. There was a huge increase in the number of people in this country from 38,225,000 in 1901 to 67,180,000 eighty years later, and this upward trend is expected to last through to the year 2021, when the population is estimated at 87,658,000, more than double the 1901 figure. In 1901 and 1941, the population structure in this country was completely the same, with an overwhelming majority of its population (95%) below 65, 4% between 65 and 85 and only 1% over 85 years old. However, the year 1981 saw a sharp increase in the percentage of the elderly. Altogether, they made up 17% of the total population, whereas the projection for the year 2021 shows that they will continue to grow but less dramatically to 20% of the total population (15% for 65-85-year-olds and 5% for over-85-year-olds). In summary, changes are taking place not only in the number of people but also in the ages of the people who make up the population in this European country, indicating it is advancing into an aging society. 28 中間段 1. The most obvious reason for this phenomenon is that ______________. Consequently, ______________. 2. No matter you like it or not, AAA has become more and more popular and there are many reason for it. 3. It’s an urgent task for us to change this unfavorable situation: ______________. 4. The picture can reminds you of some strange, yet familiar phenomena existing in our society. 5. A great number of solutions are being offered. Some people suggest that ______________. Others argue that ______________. 6. Confronted with AAA, we should take a serious of effective measures to cope with the situation. 7. However, ______________ may cause some problems. First, it is ______________. Second, ______________. Finally, ______________. So, it is clear that ______________ has its advantages and disadvantages. 8. Although ______________ has a great advantage of ______________, it can’t compete with ______________ in ______________. 9. ______________ may be preferable to ______________, but ______________ suffers from 29 the disadvantages that ______________. 10. The advantages of ______________ are much greater that those of ______________. For instance, ______________. 11. ______________ may be preferable to ______________, but it also suffers from the disadvantages that ______________. 12. But I don’t think it is a very good way to solve ______________. For instance, ______________. Worst of all, ______________. 13. There are many ways to ______________. First, ______________. Second, ______________. Third, ______________. 14. On the contrary, there are some people in favor of ______________. They believe ______________. Moreover, they think ______________. 15. There are several measures for us to adopt. First, we can ______________, there are a number of advantages of ______________. Another solution is to ______________. 16. It is high time that something was done about it. For example, ______________. In addition, ______________. All these measures will certainly ______________. 17. There are some other people, who ______________. Their reasons are different, something for ______________, sometimes for ______________, and sometimes simply for ______________. 18. ______________ is necessary and important to our country’s development and construction. First, ______________. What’ more, ______________. Most important of all, s ______________. 19. However, if not managed properly, ______________ can create many problems. 30 Sometimes ______________. Furthermore, ______________. Therefore, ______________ has been gaining public concern. 20. There are probably many reasons for ______________. First, ______________. Second, ______________. Finally, ______________. 21. Well, why is there ______________? I think there might be two reasons. One is ______________, and the other is ______________. 22. There are, I think, two main reasons for ______________. In the first place, ______________. In the second place, ______________. Therefore, ______________. 23. Why ______________? For one thing, ______________. For another, ______________. Perhaps the main reason is ______________. 24. It is no easy job to find the reasons for this tendency which involves several complicated factors. For some ______________. For others ______________. 25. Why ______________? The first reason is that ______________. The second reason is ______________. The third is ______________. For all this, the main cause of ______________ is due to ______________. 26. It is reasonable to maintain that ______________, but it would be foolish to persist that ______________. There are three reasons ______________. 27. The explanation for this problem involves many factors. For one thins, ______________. For another, ______________. Still ______________. 28. The causes for ______________ are varied. They include ______________. Perhaps the main cause is ______________. 29. The eventual result it brings out is ______________. And perhaps the most obvious 31 result of ______________ is ______________. 30. However, just like everything has both its good and bad sides, ______________ also has its own disadvantages, such as, ______________. besides, ______________. 31. ______________ will bring the society many benefits. For one thing, ______________. For another thing, ______________. 32. Why ______________? Some ______________. And the most common case is that ______________. The notable example is to ______________. 33. There are many reasons responsible for this instance, and the following are the typical ones. For one thing, ______________, in addition, ______________. The main reason is that ______________. 34. People had figured out many ways to solve this problem. Firstly ______________. Though this method has its good sides like it can ______________. One of its bad sides it brings about is that it can ______________. 35. Some reasons can explain the trend. First, ______________. Second, ______________. Third, ______________. 36. One of the reasons that is given for ______________ is that ______________. 37. A further reason why I advocate an attitude of ______________ is that ______________. 38. What is more, the essence of ______________ is that ______________, although we cannot, most of us ______________. 39. Nonetheless, I reckon that ______________ is more advantageous. 40. From a personal perspective, I also prefer to ______________ because ______________. 32 41. To make a moral point, I feel that ______________ is important for ______________ is that ______________. 42. The main reason why I feel that ______________ is important for ______________ is that ______________. 43. ______________ is superior in several ways, of which perhaps the most fundamental is that ______________. 44. There are numerous reasons why ______________, and I shall here explore only a few of the most important ones. 45. One very strong argument for ______________ is that______________. 46. Moving on to wider themes, many people would argue that ______________ is important for ______________ because ______________. 47. Of course, I am aware that both ways have potential pitfalls. 48. The advantages of ______________ carry more weight that those of ______________. 49. I can think of better illustration of this idea than the example of ______________. 50. Perhaps the most important example of ______________ is ______________. 51. I fully agree with the statement that ______________. The reasons are chiefly as follows. 52. I fully agree with the statement that ______________ because ______________. 53. As far as I am concerned, my favor goes to ______________. The followings are the reasons of my choices. Firstly ______________, secondly, ______________. 54. Of these two ways of ______________, I inclined to this point of view which ______________. First of all, ______________, secondly, ______________. 33 55. But there are still many people who don’t agree. They argue that ______________. 56. However, the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages. The idea is easily supported by foots that ______________. 57. For all the disadvantages, ______________ has its compensating advantages. Firstly ______________, secondly, ______________. 結(jié)尾句 1. The most effective means to solve this problem is that ______________. In that case, ______________. 2. Everything has its own two sides, no exception with AAA. For one thing, ______________. for another, ______________. 3. My experience tells me that to ______________ needs a thorough and persevering process, and in this process you had better abide by the principles mentioned above. 4. On the whole, it is high time that we recognized the significance of ______________. 5. As a result, we should take some effective methods to ______________. 6. Judging by the figures, we can draw a conclusion that ______________. 7. In a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of ______________. Only in this way can ______________ in the future. 8. In my opinion, we should place much emphasis on the importance of ______________. 34 9. But ______________ and ______________ have their own advantages. For example, ______________, while ______________. Comparing those two, however, I prefer to ______________. 10. In my opinion, ______________ is just as common as ______________. If ______________, it may be very useful. Whatever ______________, the key point lies in ______________. 11. Are their opinions correct? To my mind, the first idea seems ______________. As for the second idea, ______________. 12. As a popular saying goes, ______________. In my opinion what really counts is not ______________, but ______________. I believer that as long as ______________, we will ______________. So I am for the opinion that ______________. 13. In my opinion, both sides are partly right. When we ______________, we should take into consideration all aspects of the problems, and then make the right decision. 14. Personally, I believer that ______________. Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because ______________. 15. In my opinion, all of the people should be brave enough to show our disapproval and criticism when confronted with ______________. 16. People are coming to realize the importance of ______________. They have begun to try their best to ______________. We believe that ______________. 17. All in all, we cannot live without ______________ . But at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with problems that would arise.18. Whatever you do, please remember the saying- ______________. If you understand it and apply it to 35 your study or work, you’ll definitely benefit a lot from it. 19. With the development of society, ______________. So it’s urgent and necessary to ______________. If every member is willing to contribute himself to the society, it will be better and better. 20. It is difficult to say whether ______________ is good or not in general as it depends very much on the situation of ______________. However, from a personal point of view I find ______________. 21. It is essential that effective actions should be taken to end the situation. 22. It is no doubt that special attention must be paid to the problem of ______________. 23. But both ______________ and ______________ have disadvantages. For example, ______________. Which to choose, ______________ or ______________? Careful consideration is necessary before you make your own choice. 24. From what has been discussed above, we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that ______________. 25. We must search for a quick action, because the present situation of ______________ is grievous, if allowed to proceed, will certainly lead to ______________. 26. No doubt, if we ignore the problem, there is every chance that ______________ will be put in danger. 27. We need to take a second look at the matter from a wider standpoint, otherwise, we won’t ______________. 28. It is high time that ______________. Here are some of the measures that might be 36 taken immediately. 29. In conclusion, we should know about the problem of ______________, and object to ______________. Only in this way ______________. 30. Although it is affected by many factors, still there are certain ways that can make the situation better. The most import is ______________. Another way is ______________. Still another one is ______________. 31. Many solutions are offered here, all of them make some sense, but none is adequate enough. The problem should be studied in depth. 32. No easy method can be at hand to solve the problem of ______________. But the common recognition of the importance of ______________ might be the first step on the right way. 33. It is clear, therefore, that the task of ______________ demands great attention. 34. We may have a long way to go before we reach the final goal. But once we are on the way, the chance to reach it is greater. 35. But for me, I would rather think of the matter in an optimistic way. Because I believe ______________. 36. We all know the story of ______________. this lesson tells us that ______________, we should ______________. 37. My own point of view is that ______________ is a normal behavior in our society. There is no doubt that ______________. As an old saying goes, ______________. 38. If we can’t take useful means, we may not control this trend, and some undesirable result may come out unexpectedly, so what we should do is 37 ______________. 39. However, this graph may not predict the entire situation in the future. I believe ______________. 40. From the graph it is evident that ______________. 41. From all the reasons above, we know that great changes had taken place in ______________. And I believe that ______________. 42. Taking into account all of these factors, we may reach the conclusion that ______________. 43. For the reasons given above, I strongly recommend that ______________. 44. Given the factors I have just outlined, I believe that ______________. 45. Therefore, it is not difficult to draw the conclusion that ______________. 46. Recognizing the fact that ______________ should lead us to conclude that ______________. 47. In short, I support the statement that it is better to ______________ because ______________. 48. After pondering this question on many occasions, I have finally reached the conclusion that ______________ is something I truly want to do and it is worthwhile. 49. My point of view in ______________ largely results from the fact that ______________. 50. Now after close examination, it is not difficult to draw the conclusion that ______________. 51. From what has been discussed above, you can get your preference. Personally, I think ______________ has more advantages. 38 52. On the one hand, it has helped china ______________. On the other hand, it has increased china’s ______________, and at the same time, made great contributions to our national development. 53. In my opinion, to solve this problem there might be two ways. One way to tackle this question is ______________. Another way that is worth adopting is ______________. 54. As far as I am concerned, I trust the advantages mentioned above exceed the disadvantages. 55. For me, ______________ is a glory and it is the most important thing I have to take into feasible consideration. 56. As regards me, I tend to pick ______________, for ______________. What’s more, ______________. 57. If I were given a choice between ______________ and ______________, I would certainly prefer ______________. 圖表作文這類作文時，注意以下幾點：

   第一，審題時，除了要把握好圖表的表層信息外，還要分析圖標的深層含義，如原因、根源、可能的發(fā)展趨勢等。圖表中所提供的說明文字往往是問題的切入點，一定要仔細分析。

   第二，描述數(shù)據(jù)時要抓住重點，為中心服務(wù)，不必面面俱到，切忌毫無目的地羅列圖表中的數(shù)據(jù)。如果數(shù)據(jù)較多，抓住圖表中的極端點（如最大或最小、最多或最少，最好或最差）和基本相同進行描述。

   第三，主題句應(yīng)明確，最好放在文章的開頭，這樣會使重點突出，主題明了。常見模板第一段：總體描述圖表，指明時間段，指出突出變化或不同常用句型或短語：

   As is clearly shown in the char/ table/graph, ___________ According to the figures given in the table/chart/graph, ____________ It can be seen from the table/chart/graph, _____________________. The figures in the table/chart reflect that ________________. especially, ________________（指出突出變化）第二段：

   （分析原因） 39 There are several factors leading to this change / difference …….. There are several reasons for _____________.(引出原因) To begin with, _______(原因一) In addition, ______________（原因二 0 For example, _________（舉例說明） Last but not the least, __________（原因三） To sum up——————————————（簡要總結(jié)）第三段：自己的觀點 As for me, ____________ On the one hand, ________ on the other, ____ In brief，_____________________. 數(shù)據(jù)變化常用句型表示逐句增長 The number of …. has grown steadily from … to…..in 2009. has risen from …. shows a tendency to increase climbed went sharply up soared tends to go up b/ increase There was a rapid / sharp / dramatic / gradual / slow increase / rise in the number of …. who….. The number of …. is on the rise / increase. The increase of …. has reached to …. 表示數(shù)據(jù)降低 The number of … dropped steadily from … to …in 2008. declined suddenly fell tends to go down tendency to fall shows a tendency to decrease There was a sharp fall …. in the number of … in 2008. gradual decrease sudden reduction slow decline drop 40 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 1990 1995 2002 2002 Hours 例文：

   Students Use of Computers 提綱：

   1. 上圖所示為某校大學(xué)生平均每周使用計算機的時間：

   1990 年（2 hours）, 1995 年 (4 hours), 2002 年 (14 hours)，請描述其變化； 2. 請說明發(fā)生這些變化的原因（可從計算機的用途、價格或社會發(fā)展等方面加以說明）； 3. 你認為目前大學(xué)生在計算機使用中有什么困難或問題。

   參考范文(1) Student Use of Computers As is clearly shown in the chart, the number of hours students spent on computers increased from two to four hours per week from 1990 to 1995. Especially, the number rose to about 14 hour per week in 2002. There are three factors leading to the change. To begin with, the price of computers is getting much lower than before so that many students can afford it. In addition, it is very convenient for us to study with the help of computers. For example, e-mails enable us to keep in touch with our teachers and friends. Last but not least, with fast development of the modern society, a computer has become a must for many people. To sum up, low price, convenience and wide use contribute to the increase in the use of computers. As for me, student use of computers is a double-edged sword. On the one hand, it is a good helper in searching for information, drawing pictures, etc. One the other hand, various computer games might distract students from their studies. In brief, computers can serve us well if they are used in the right way. 參考范文（2） Student Use of Computers As is clearly shown in the chart, the average number of hours a student spent on computers 41 increased from two to four hours per week from 1990 to 1995. Especially, the number reached approximately 14 hour per week in 2002. Why are there such great changes during these days? There are three factors leading to this phenomenon. Firstly, because of the sharp decline in the price of computers, most college students can afford one. Secondly, the Internet provides access to various kinds of information students are interested in. Finally, playing computer games or surfing online is relaxing. To sum up, low price, easy access to information and wide use make students use computers a lot. As for me, computers do bring convenience to students;

   however, it is no good fro students to spend too much time chatting online or playing computer games. In brief, in spite of the problems concerning the use of computers, we can’t deny that computers are of more merits than defects. 參考范文（3） Student Use of Computers Using computers has become a common part of people’s life. And the tremendous growth of student use of computers has always aroused the greatest concern. What impresses us most is the number of hours students spend on computers. In 2002, they spend as many as 14 hours per week on computers. The reasons why computers as widely used are varied. Among them, the decreasing price of PC plays an important part. What’s more, the Internet provides college students an amazing world to explore. For example, they can get the latest news and make friends conveniently around the world. Whey talking about the disadvantages and problems existing in student use of computers, I think that their lack of skills and discipline is what should be paid attention to. On the one hand, the lack of skills fails students to make good use of the computer and the Internet. On the other hand, their lack of necessary discipline makes some students indulge in computer games and the net world, forgetting their major tasks as college students. In brief, there is still a lot to do to help students make good use of computers. 參考范文（4） Student Use of Computers Reading this chart, we can find that the average number of hours students spend on computers per week has increased sharply. In 1990, it was less than two hours;

   in 1995, it increased to almost four hours;

   and in 2005, the number soared to 14 hours per week. There are several reasons for this phenomenon. First, computers provide facilities for us in many aspects of life. In addition, the fast development of the Internet contributes to our increasing demand for computers. We can easily contact friends in faraway places through the Internet. Besides, the prices of computers are getting lower and lower, which enables us to purchase them. However, there are still some problems. For example, computers may crash from time to time because of viruses transmitted through the Internet. And how to balance the time between using computers and studying is also a serious problem. Anyway, we will benefit a lot from computers 42 as long as we use them properly. Financial Sources of College Students 1. 描述中美大學(xué)生經(jīng)濟資助狀況 2. 分析這種狀況的成因 3. 預(yù)測中國大學(xué)生經(jīng)濟資助的可能變化 examinees American Students Chinese Students financial sources parents 45% Part-time jobs 40% scholarship 15% 90% 5% 5% Sample 1 Financial Sources of College Students From the table, we can see clearly that Chinese college students and their American peers rely on different financial sources for their life and study. About 90% of Chinese students get money from their parents. In contrast, only 45% of American students resort to this way. About 40% of American students depend on part-time jobs for income, but only 5% of Chinese students do so. Scholarship is the financial source for 15% of American students, whereas only for 5% of Chinese students. There are several reasons leading to this difference. On the one hand, independence is greatly honored in American society, and students would be proud to depend on themselves. Besides, they have a more flexible schedule so they can have more time to do part-time jobs. On the other hand, some Chinese students take their parents’ financial support for granted. Similarly, parents believe it’s their duty to finance their children’s education. I think with the reform in college education, this tendency in China may be changed. The widespread adoption of credit-system will give Chinese students more time and flexibility to pursue part-time jobs and get more independence from their parents. Also, with the passage of time, both the students’ and the parents’ ideas will change greatly. Thus, more and more Chinese college students are sure to rely on themselves rather than on their parents for finance. Sample 2 Financial Sources of College Students According to the table, the number of Chinese students who get money from their parents doubles that of American ones, 45% and 90% respectively. But the percentage of American students who depend on part-time jobs is much larger than that of Chinese ones. It can also be seen clearly that scholarship is the financial source for 15% of American students, while only for 43 5% of Chinese students. Several factors can account for the above difference. For one thing, independence is highly honored in American society and students take great pride in self-reliance. For another, American students have a more flexible schedule so they can have more time to do part-time jobs. Another contributing factor is that both Chinese students and their parents take parents’ financial support for granted. The tendency for Chinese college students to rely on their parents for finance may be changed. The widespread adoption of credit-system will give Chinese students more time and flexibility to pursue part-time jobs and get more independence from their parents. What’s more, great changes may take place not only in the students’ ideas but also in their parents’, which, in turn, will lead Chinese students to regard it as a pride to be self-reliant

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