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2004年碩士研究生入學考試英漢同聲傳譯專業試卷 將下列單句譯成漢語(25分) 1) In the first half of this year, China’s GDP grew by 8.2%--despite the SARS virus. Electricity demand rose by 15% in the same period, led by power-hungry industries such as steel and aluminium. 2) China, anxious about capital flight and proud of its economic sovereignty, will not be brow-beaten into floating the yuan by hectoring Americans. 3) Power stations tend to be built far from cities, and to be surrounded by idle “buffer” land. It is suggested that greenhouses could be built on this land with the exhaust from the power station pumped in to supply the heat they need. Such greenhouses could be used to grow fruit, vegetables and flowers cheaply. 4) Out of all the unbecoming parts of drug addiction, the search for clean needles is particularly ghastly. Dirty needles account for a third of all reported AIDS cases: they also explain why half of all long-term addicts get hepatitis C. 5) The fight over farm trade at the WTO ministerial meeting in the Mexican city of Cancún boils down to how far the rich world cuts tariffs on agricultural goods and dismantles its vast farm-subsidies, and by how much developing countries reduce their own considerable tariffs in return. II. 將下列短文譯成漢語(50分) Unemployment in America is high, and elections are on the horizon. It must be time to look east again for scapegoats. Japan is only starting to recover from its protracted recession, so China will be handed the role of economic villain in the coming U.S. election cycle. Expect to hear a chorus of presidential candidates blame unfair Chinese competition for America's manufacturing woes. China's trading partners do have legitimate grievances, but it would be irresponsible and inaccurate for American politicians to pin the United States' economic sluggishness on scheming culprits in Beijing. Traveling in Asia in October, Treasury Secretary John Snow heeded political pressures back home in exhorting Chinese leaders to let the market price their currency. This is a desirable outcome in the long run, but a raft of immediate caveats come to mind. China's financial system remains fragile, and sudden currency volatility could lead to a banking crisis that could spell disaster for the world economy. Washington would do better to urge China's leaders to focus on their lack of preparation to assume their proper role in the world's financial order, rather than to demand any supposedly quick fix. Moreover, China's refusal to devalue its currency in the aftermath of the late 1990's crises in East Asia--much appreciated by its neighbors and Washington at a time when the yuan seemed overvalued--adds credence to Beijing's insistence that it prizes stability when it comes to exchange rates, not short-term advantage. With most economists concerned that China's robust growth could fuel inflation and a speculative bubble, there are valid reasons for Beijing to fear a surging currency. III. 將下列單句譯成英語(25分) 1) 盡管20世紀90年代全國經濟復蘇，美國家庭最富有者和最貧窮者收入之間的差距繼續擴大。 2) 中華民族大家庭，靠文化價值觀―風俗習慣、語言、文字―凝聚成一體。但家庭內部也有紛爭，家庭延續也有興衰。 3) 如果沒有移民，美國不可能在第二次世界大戰期間制造出原子彈;沒有移民，美國也不會成為當今世界上的唯一超級大國。 4) 已經有一整年沒活動筋骨了，整天坐在研究室里，翻閱資料，逐漸感覺到身體的機能在退化，筋骨像是長了銹，甚至出現腰酸背痛的跡象。 5) 澳門是中國南海邊的一個小城，面積現有約24平方公里，人口也不過約43萬人。但是，在中國的高等教育發展史上，書寫了光輝的開創篇，因為中國第一所西式大學就是在這里于1594年創辦的。 IV. 將下列短文譯成英語(50分) 在市場經濟的條件下，資源肯定要向成本低、效益高、利潤大的地方流動。所以，生產要素往城市和經濟發達地區集中，是完全自發和自動的必然流向。在“全球化”的過程中，會伴生一個副作用，就是富者越富，窮者越窮。不要說“全球化”，就是“全國化”也一樣，有錢的地區，就能提供各種優惠來吸引投資，沒錢的地區，由于各種困難而屢屢失去機會，東西部差距、城鄉差距就會越來越大。在這種情況下，農村、農業、農民肯定處于弱勢地位，而保障農民各項權益，都是要花錢的，如果單靠其自身的努力，情況肯定難以改變，必須由相對富裕的地區給予大力幫助，也包括各級ZF的財政轉移支付、政策優惠，以及各種社會公共資源的傾斜。因此，保障農民權益的根本出路就在于發展經濟，首先得讓農民逐步富裕起來。 如果仍舊保持在傳統農業的框架之下，只靠那“一畝三分地”，不管種什么也只能勉強糊口，發不了財。要解決當前的“三農”問題，必須從結構上進行大調整，盡可能去賺城里人的錢。而ZF則要改善大環境，幫助農民從小農經濟的桎梏中走出去，打開新天地，農民才能富裕起來。 | 
發表于 2012-7-14 18:01
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