2015南京大學(xué)英語語言文學(xué)(B組)語言學(xué)真題回憶

ztHelia1990 · 發(fā)表于 2014-12-28 17:51

做完題目還剩40分鐘，就把真題抄在準(zhǔn)考證背面帶出來啦！
Ⅰ.術(shù)語辨析并舉例子(24分)
(1) langue vs. parole
(2) homography vs. homophony
(3) contrastive distribution vs. complementary distribution
(4) sense vs. reference
Ⅱ. Write the international phonetic alphabet for the following linguistic terms.(18分)
(1)vernacular
(2)idiolect
(3)euphemism
(4)lingua franca
(5)alliteration
(6)prescriptivism
(7)obligatory
(8)genre
(9)nasal
(10)anaphora
(11)phoneme
(12)generative
Ⅲ.根據(jù)提示選出不同的一項并用一句話解釋。(20分)
(1) A./m/  B./p/  C./b/  D./n/  (輔音的不同)
(2)A.breakfast  B.skillful  C.killer  D.stroke (k的不同)
(3)A.consist  B.resist  C.assist  D.insist  (第二音節(jié)第一個s發(fā)音的不同)
(4)A.inhale  B.intake  C.inexhaustible  D.inconvenient  (第一個n發(fā)音的不同)
(5)A.relate  B.revolve  C.reconsider  D.resolve  (重音的不同)
(6)A.retire  B.withdraw  C.depend  D.suffice  (transtivity的不同)
(7)A.husband/wife  B.parent/child  C.teacher/student  D.university/school  (語義關(guān)系的不同)
(8)A.because  B.nevertheless  C.hence  D.however  (word type的不同)
(9)A.progmatics  B.phonology  C.percetion  D.economics  (詞綴的不同)
(10)A.articulatory phonetics  B.sequentional phonetics  C.acoustic phonetics  D.auditory phonetics  (
語音學(xué)分類的不同)
Ⅳ.分析句子歧義，進(jìn)行paraphrase，并畫樹狀圖。(18分)
He was watching the girl with binoculars.
Ⅴ.用相關(guān)語言學(xué)知識分析句子的不同。(20分) (具體題目沒抄)
pair one: The door opened./ The door was opened.
pair two: He loaded the truck with books./ He loaded the books onto the truck.
Ⅵ.定義主位和述位，根據(jù)短文就句子的主位結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行分析，討論作者是怎么選擇句子的主位的。
(短文沒抄，大概內(nèi)容是希臘人對美的認(rèn)識和要求，但是蘇格拉底以丑為教育內(nèi)容，云云。。。)
Ⅶ.陳述speech acts (John Searle提出的)的類型，每個類型下寫出兩種子類型，并舉例子，再討論各個子類型在不同語言文化中的作用。

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