標題: 2009年考研英語翻譯最新模擬題(一)( [打印本頁] 作者: lujingjs 時間: 2008-11-4 12:59 標題: 2009年考研英語翻譯最新模擬題(一)( Part C
In Benjamin Franklin's civic pride and his projects for the improvement of Philadelphia, we see another aspect of the philosophy of doing good. At the same time we may recognize the zeal for reform that has long been a characteristic of American life. In his attention to the details of daily living, Franklin shows himself as the observant empiricist. 46. As the successful engineer of ways to make the city he loved cleaner, safer and more attractive he continually sponsored new institutions that were proof that the applications of reason to experience were fruitful in the real world.
47. "Human bliss," observed Franklin, "is produced not so much by great pieces of good fortune that seldom happen, as by little advantages that occur every day." Franklin typifies that aspect of the American character that is attentive to small details as well as over-all great plans. 48. The practical idealism of America lies in our capacity to work for our ideals step by step, to recognize that the perfect world is never achieved but that we may approach it gradually by a creative attentiveness to each aspect of life around us.
In the American tradition Franklin stands as a man who preached thrift, frugality, industry and enterprise as the "way to wealth." 49. He grew to maturity in an American tradition that was older than he was, according to which such virtues as thrift and industry were not enough to bring a man success; he had also to practice charity and help his neighbor. Wealth was a token of esteem of the Divine Providence that governs men's affairs, and thus the accumulation of riches was not sought for its own sake alone. Furthermore, wealth and position, being marks of the divine favor, conferred an obligation; a successful man was a "steward," holding the world's goods in trust for the less fortunate.
50. Being an American meant for Franklin a passionate love of country and a devotion to a democratic point of view in which the rights and liberties of his fellow men were guaranteed and protected. As her foremost citizen in the eyes of the world, he was the champion of her cause in Britain for more than a decade before the Revolution and her representative in France during the years of conflict. America was fortunate in having a man of his stature and ability to serve her during those years; the skills he had acquired in mastery of life and the world's affairs were brought to bear on the issues of state in patriotic service. An old hand at presenting "causes" in the public press, he presented the case for America in British newspapers and magazines-under various pseudonyms, just as he had done at home in his Pennsylvania Gazette.
Part C
一、試題解析
46.Since ancient times, physicians have known that cerebral damage to the brain could affect
(0.5分)
language functions //, but a major breakthrough occurred in 1861 when Paul Broca, a young French
(1分)
surgeon, observed a patient // who suffered from paralysis of the right side of his body as well as the
【解析】 本題考點是多重復合句的翻譯。本句是一個復雜復合句，基本結構是一個并列句，由but連接，并列句的前半部分包含賓語從句，后半部分包含狀語從句以及定語從句。句子的主干為“…, physicians have known…”，句中的插入語a young French surgeon是Paul Broca的同位語，who引導限制性定語從句，修飾前面的patient。句中“a major breakthrough occurred when sb. do sth. …”與漢語習慣表達差異較大，翻譯時應該注意適當轉譯。本英語句子結構復雜，因此翻譯成漢語時需要將意群拆開。
【詞匯】詞匯釋義：句子中ancient指very old，絕非“遠古”的意思； cerebral的意思是“大腦的”，后文的to the brain對其做出了解釋；paralysis雖然既可以指“麻痹”，又可以指“癱瘓”，但是結合語境應該翻譯為“癱瘓”；loss of speech是一個術語，失語癥。
可接受的翻譯
不可接受的翻譯
a major breakthrough occurred… : 取得了重大的突破；有了重大的突破
一個專業的暫停通過……發生了；一個專業的突破發生了
paralysis of the right side of his body: 右半身癱瘓；他的右半邊身體癱瘓
與他的身體的右側平行；分析他身體的右邊
46. As the successful engineer of ways to make the city he loved cleaner, safer and more attractive // he continually sponsored new institutions // that were proof that the applications of reason to experience were fruitful in the real world.
【解析】 本題考點是多重復合句的翻譯。本句是一個復雜復合句。句首是由as引導的一個方式狀語，其中不定式做定語修飾前面的ways，句子的基本結構是he continually sponsored new institutions，第一個that引導的定語從句修飾前面的institutions，而其中又包含一個that引導的同位語從句，解釋說明前面的proof。本英語句子結構復雜，因此翻譯成漢語時需要將意群拆開，并且要進行詞性的轉化。
47. "Human bliss," observed Franklin,// "is produced not so much by great pieces of good fortune that seldom happen, // as by little advantages that occur every day."
【解析】 本題考點是詞組的翻譯。 not so much A as B的意思是“與其說A不如說B”，by表示方式。第一個that引導的定語從句修飾前面的fortune，后一個that引導的定語從句修飾前面的advantages。
48. The practical idealism of America lies in our capacity to work for our ideals step by step, // to recognize that the perfect world is never achieved // but that we may approach it gradually by a creative attentiveness to each aspect of life around us.
【解析】 本題考點是不定式做定語。 本句主干是The practical idealism of America lies in our capacity，后面兩個并列不定式短語to work for和to recognize做定語修飾capacity。Recognize后that…but that引導兩個并列的賓語從句。approach it中的it指的是前面的the perfect world。
【詞匯】詞匯釋義：idealism在這里指的是“理想主義”，而ideals在這里指的是具體的“理想”。Step by step是“逐步的”在此引申為“按部就班的”。a creative attentiveness指的是“對事情的有創意的關注”。
可接受的翻譯
不可接受的翻譯
The practical idealism of America：美國的實用理想主義，或美國的實用主義理想
The practical idealism of America：美國現實的理想
49. He grew to maturity in an American tradition // that was older than he was, // according to which such virtues as thrift and industry were not enough to bring a man success;
【解析】 本題考點是多重復合句的翻譯。本句是一個復雜復合句，句子的主干為“…, He grew to maturity in an American tradition…”，后面that引導的限制性定語從句和which引導的非限制性定語從句都是用來修飾前面的tradition。
50. Being an American meant for Franklin a passionate love of country // and a devotion to a democratic point of view // in which the rights and liberties of his fellow men were guaranteed and protected.
【解析】 本題考點是多重復合句的翻譯。本句是一個復合句，句子的主干為“Being an American meant for Franklin a passionate love… and a devotion…”，which 引導的定語從句修飾前面的democratic point of view。